Words (柯林斯)

  • codebase 代码库
    • The term codebase, or code base, is used in software development to mean the whole collection of source code used to build a particular application or component. Typically, the codebase includes only human-written source code files, not source code files generated by other tools or binary library files.
  • retain /rɪˈteɪn/
    • V-T To retain something means to continue to have that thing. 保留
      • The interior of the shop still retains a nineteenth-century atmosphere. 那家商店内部依然保持着19世纪的格调。
  • reclaim /rɪˈkleɪm/
    • V-T If you reclaim something that you have lost or that has been taken away from you, you succeed in getting it back. 拿回; 收回
      • In 1986, they got the right to reclaim South African citizenship. 1986年，他们得到了恢复南非公民身份的权利。
    • V-T If you reclaim an amount of money, for example tax that you have paid, you claim it back. 要求归还
      • The good news for the industry was that investors don’t seem to be in any hurry to reclaim their money. 对该行业来说，好消息是投资者们似乎不急于要求收回他们的钱。
  • lieu /luː; ljuː/
    • PHRASE If you do, get, or give one thing in lieu of another, you do, get, or give it instead of the other thing, because the two things are considered to have the same value or importance. 替代
      • He left what little furniture he owned to his landlord in lieu of rent. 他把他仅有的几件家具给了房东以抵房租。
  • inspector /ɪnˈspektə(r)/
    • N-COUNT An inspector is a person, usually employed by a government agency, whose job is to find out whether people are obeying official regulations. 检查员; 督察员
  • snippet /ˈsnɪpɪt/
    • N-COUNT A snippet of something is a small piece of it. 片段
  • encapsulate /ɪnˈkæpsjuleɪt/
    • V-T To encapsulate particular facts or ideas means to represent all their most important aspects in a very small space or in a single object or event. 概括
      • A Wall Street Journal editorial encapsulated the views of many conservatives. 《华尔街日报》的一篇社论概括了很多保守派人士的观点。
  • relevant /ˈreləvənt/
    • ADJ Something that is relevant to a situation or person is important or significant in that situation or to that person. 相关的
      • Is religion still relevant to most people’s lives? 宗教和大多数人的生活还有关系吗？
  • dispose /dɪˈspəʊz/
    • V to deal with or settle 处理; 安排
    • V to give, sell, or transfer to another 给予; 卖给
    • V to throw out or away 扔掉
    • V to consume, esp hurriedly 消耗; 尤指匆忙地
    • V to kill 杀
  • summit /ˈsʌmɪt/
    • N-COUNT A summit is a meeting at which the leaders of two or more countries discuss important matters. 峰会
    • N-COUNT The summit of a mountain is the top of it. (山) 峰
      • He made it to the summit of Kilimanjaro before collapsing. 他成功登上乞力马扎罗山峰顶后倒下了。
  • delegate /ˈdelɪɡət/
    • N-COUNT A delegate is a person who is chosen to vote or make decisions on behalf of a group of other people, especially at a conference or a meeting. 代表
    • V-T/V-I If you delegate duties, responsibilities, or power to someone, you give them those duties, those responsibilities, or that power so that they can act on your behalf. 委托; 授权
    • V-T If you are delegated to do something, you are given the duty of acting on someone else’s behalf by making decisions, voting, or doing some particular work. 委派
      • Officials have now been delegated to start work on a draft settlement. 官员们现已被委派开始准备一份拟定协议。
  • revoke /rɪˈvəʊk/
    • V-T When people in authority revoke something such as a licence, a law, or an agreement, they cancel it. 撤销; 废除
      • The government revoked her husband’s licence to operate migrant labour crews. 政府撤销了她丈夫经营流动劳工团队的许可证。
  • negotiation /nɪˌɡəʊʃɪˈeɪʃən/
    • N-VAR Negotiations are formal discussions between people who have different aims or intentions, especially in business or politics, during which they try to reach an agreement. (尤指商业或政治上的) 谈判
  • concerning /kənˈsɜːnɪŋ/
    • PREP You use concerning to indicate what a question or piece of information is about. 关于
      • For more information concerning the club, contact Mr. Coldwell. 想了解更多有关该俱乐部的信息，请跟科德韦尔先生联系。
    • ADJ If something is concerning, it causes you to feel concerned about it. 令人担心的
      • It is particularly concerning that he is working for foreign companies while advising on foreign policy. 尤其令人担心的是，他在为外交政策提供咨询的同时也在为外国公司工作。
  • additional /əˈdɪʃən(ə)l/
    • ADJ Additional things are extra things apart from the ones already present. 额外的
      • The U.S. is sending additional troops to the region. 美国正在往该地区派遣额外的部队。
  • impose /ɪmˈpəʊz/
    • V-T If you impose something on people, you use your authority to force them to accept it. 强制实行
      • Fines are imposed on retailers who sell tobacco to minors. 向未成年人销售烟草制品的零售商要被强制罚款。
    • V-T If you impose your opinions or beliefs on other people, you try and make people accept them as a rule or as a model to copy. 把 (观点、信仰等) 强加于
      • Parents should beware of imposing their own tastes on their children. 父母应该提防把自己的兴趣强加给孩子。
  • withdraw /wɪðˈdrɔː/
    • V-T If you withdraw something from a place, you remove it or take it away. 移开; 拿走
      • He reached into his pocket and withdrew a sheet of notepaper. 他把手伸进口袋，拿出一张便签。
    • V-T/V-I When groups of people such as troops withdraw or when someone withdraws them, they leave the place where they are fighting or where they are based and return nearer home. 使撤退; 撤退
      • He stated that all foreign forces would withdraw as soon as the crisis ended. 他声明危机一结束所有外国军队就会撤退。
    • V-T If you withdraw money from a bank account, you take it out of that account. (从银行) 取 (钱)
      • Open a savings account that does not charge ridiculous fees to withdraw money. 开立一个取钱时不荒唐地收取费用的储蓄账户。
  • substantially /səbˈstænʃəli/
    • ADV If something changes substantially or is substantially different, it changes a lot or is very different. 很大程度地
      • The percentage of girls in engineering has increased substantially. 工科女生的比例已经大大增长了。
  • currency /ˈkʌrənsi/
    • N-VAR The money used in a particular country is referred to as its currency. 货币
      • More people favour a single European currency than oppose it. 支持欧洲单一货币的人比反对的多。
  • tariff /ˈtærɪf/
    • N-COUNT A tariff is a tax that a government collects on goods coming into a country. (政府对进口货物征收的) 关税
      • America wants to eliminate tariffs on items such as electronics. 美国想要取消电子类产品的关税。
  • monetary /ˈmʌnɪtri/
    • ADJ Monetary means relating to money, especially the total amount of money in a country. 货币的
      • Some countries tighten monetary policy to avoid inflation. 一些国家紧缩货币政策以避免通货膨胀。
  • retaliatory /rɪˈtæliətri/
    • ADJ If you take retaliatory action, you try to harm or annoy someone who has harmed or annoyed you. 报复性的; 以牙还牙的
  • issue /ˈɪʃuː/
    • N-COUNT An issue is an important subject that people are arguing about or discussing. 议题
    • N-SING If something is the issue, it is the thing you consider to be the most important part of a situation or discussion. 要点
      • I was earning a lot of money, but that was not the issue. 我是挣着很多钱，但那不是问题的关键。
    • N-COUNT An issue of something such as a magazine or newspaper is the version of it that is published, for example, in a particular month or on a particular day. (杂志或报刊的) 期
      • The growing problem is underlined in the latest issue of the Scientific American. 这一日益严重的问题在最新一期的《科学美国人》上得到强调。
    • V-T If you issue a statement or a warning, you make it known formally or publicly. 发表 (声明); 发出 (警告)
      • The government issued a warning that the strikers should end their action or face dismissal. 该政府发出了警告，罢工者们应停止他们的行动，否则将被免职
  • clutter /ˈklʌtə/
    • N-UNCOUNT Clutter is a lot of things in a messy state, especially things that are not useful or necessary. 乱七八糟
      • Caroline prefers her countertops to be clear of clutter. 卡罗琳喜欢把她的厨房台面弄得整整齐齐。
    • V-T If things or people clutter a place, they fill it in a messy way. (物或人) 拥塞
      • Empty soft-drink cans lie everywhere. They clutter the desks and are strewn across the floor.  软饮料空罐到处都是，堆满了桌面，还扔了一地。
  • summarize /ˈsʌməraɪz/
    • V-T/V-I If you summarize something, you give a summary of it. 总结
      • Basically, the article can be summarized in three sentences. 基本上，这篇文章可用3句话概括。
  • summary /ˈsʌməri/
    • N-COUNT A summary of something is a short account of it, which gives the main points but not the details. 总结
      • What follows is a brief summary of the process. 接下来是对该过程的一个简短总结。
    • PHRASE You use in summary to indicate that what you are about to say is a summary of what has just been said. 总之
      • In summary, it is my opinion that this complete treatment process was very successful. 总之，我认为这整个治疗过程非常成功。
  • unary /ˈjuːnəri/
    • ADJ consisting of, or affecting, a single element or component; monadic 一元的
  • squash /skwɒʃ/
    • V-T If someone or something is squashed, they are pressed or crushed with such force that they become injured or lose their shape. 压扁; 压碎
    • ADJ If people or things are squashed into a place, they are put or pushed into a place where there is not enough room for them to be. 挤进去了的
      • There were 2,000 people squashed into her recent show. 有2千人挤进了她最近的演出现场。
    • V-T If you squash something that is causing you trouble, you put a stop to it, often by force. 镇压
      • The troops would stay in position to squash the first murmur of trouble. 该部队将严阵以待，一有骚乱声音即进行镇压。
  • servant /ˈsɜːvənt/
    • N-COUNT A servant is someone who is employed to work at another person’s home, for example, as a cleaner or a gardener. 仆人; 佣人
    • N-COUNT You can use servant to refer to someone or something that provides a service for people or can be used by them. 雇员
  • grant /ɡrɑːnt/
    • N-COUNT A grant is an amount of money that a government or other institution gives to an individual or to an organization for a particular purpose such as education or home improvements. 补助金
      • They’d got a special grant to encourage research. 他们已得到了一笔用来支持研究的特别补助金。
    • V-T If someone in authority grants you something, or if something is granted to you, you are allowed to have it. 准予
      • Single parents tend to grant more independence to their children than other parents do. 单亲父母往往比其他父母给予孩子们更多的自主性。
    • V-T If you grant that something is true, you accept that it is true, even though your opinion about it does not change. 承认
  • quorum /ˈkwɔːrəm/
    • N-SING A quorum is the minimum number of people that a committee needs in order to carry out its business officially. When a meeting has a quorum, there are at least that number of people present. 法定人数
  • litter /ˈlɪtə(r)/
    • N-UNCOUNT Litter is rubbish or waste that is left lying around outside. 垃圾
      • If you see litter in the corridor, pick it up. 如果你看到走廊里有垃圾，就把它捡起来。
    • V-T If a number of things litter a place, they are scattered around it or over it. 散放在
      • Glass from broken bottles litters the sidewalk. 碎瓶子的玻璃渣散落在人行道上。
    • ADJ 散放的
      • The entrance hall is littered with toys. 入口大厅里散落着玩具。
  • lease /liːs/
    • N-COUNT A lease is a legal agreement by which the owner of a building, a piece of land, or something such as a car allows someone else to use it for a period of time in return for money. 租约
      • He took up a 10-year lease on the house. 他为这房子签了10年的租约。
    • V-T If you lease property or something such as a car from someone or if they lease it to you, they allow you to use it in return for regular payments of money. 租进; 租出
      • She hopes to lease the building to students. 她希望把大楼租给学生。
  • brackets /ˈbrækɪts/
    • N-COUNT If you say that someone or something is in a particular bracket, you mean that they come within a particular range, for example, a range of incomes, ages, or prices. (收入、年龄、价格等的) 范围
    • N-COUNT Brackets are pair of marks ( ) that are placed around a series of symbols in a mathematical expression to indicate that those symbols function as one item within the expression. (数学中用以表示整体的) 括号
      • square brackets 方括号
  • pending /ˈpendɪŋ/
    • ADJ If something such as a legal procedure is pending, it is waiting to be dealt with or settled. 待处理的
      • In 2006, the court had 600 pending cases. 2006年，该法院有600件未结的案子。
    • ADJ Something that is pending is going to happen soon. 即将发生的
      • A growing number of customers have been inquiring about the pending price rises. 越来越多的顾客在询问即将出现的价格上涨问题。
  • iterative /ˈɪtərətɪv/
    • ADJ repetitious or frequent 重复的
  • interactive /ˌɪntərˈæktɪv/
    • ADJ An interactive computer program or electronic device is one that allows direct communication between the user and the machine. 交互的
    • ADJ If you describe a group of people or their activities as interactive, you mean that the people communicate with each other. 互动的
  • buzzword /ˈbʌzwɜːd/
    • N-COUNT A buzzword is a word or expression that has become fashionable in a particular field and is being used a lot by the media. 某领域的时髦用语
      • Biodiversity was the buzzword of the Rio Earth Summit. 生物多样性是里约地球峰会上的时髦用语。
  • coin /kɔɪn/
    • N-COUNT A coin is a small piece of metal which is used as money. 硬币
      • a few loose coins. 几枚零钱
    • V-T If you coin a word or a phrase, you are the first person to say it. 创造 (新词语)
      • Jaron Lanier coined the term “virtual reality” and pioneered its early development. 加隆·雷尼尔首创“虚拟现实”一词，并率先进行早期开发。
  • advocate /ˈædvəkeɪt/
    • V-T If you advocate a particular action or plan, you recommend it publicly. 提倡
      • Mr. Williams is a conservative who advocates fewer government controls on business. 威廉斯先生是一位提倡减少政府对商业的控制的保守人士。
    • N-COUN An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly. 倡导者
      • He was a strong advocate of free market policies and a multi-party system. 他是自由市场政策以及多党制的坚定倡导者。
    • N-COUNT An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group. 为 (某团体) 谋利益者
    • N-COUNT An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law. 辩护律师
  • amateur /ˈæmətə(r)/
    • N-COUNT An amateur is someone who does something as a hobby and not as a job. 业余爱好者
      • Jerry is an amateur who dances because he feels like it. 杰瑞是一位业余舞蹈爱好者，他跳舞因为他喜欢跳。
    • ADJ Amateur sports or activities are done by people as a hobby and not as a job. 业余的
      • professional athletes and amateur runners. 专业运动员和业余赛跑运动员。
  • athletes /ˈæθliːt/
    • N-COUNT An athlete is a person who does any kind of physical sports, exercise, or games, especially in competitions. 运动员
      • Mark Spitz was a great athlete. 马克·斯皮茨是一名伟大的运动员。
    • N-COUNT You can refer to someone who is fit and athletic as an athlete. 运动型人
      •  I was no athlete. 我完全不是运动型的人。
  • vibe /vaɪb/
    • N-COUNT Vibes are the good or bad atmosphere that you sense with a person or in a place. 感应; 气氛
    • Sorry, Chris, but I have bad vibes about this guy. 对不起，克里斯，但我对这家伙感觉不太好。
  • atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə(r)/
    • N-COUNT A planet’s atmosphere is the layer of air or other gases around it. (行星的) 大气层
    • N-COUNT The atmosphere of a place is the air that you breathe there. (某地的) 空气
      • These gases pollute the atmosphere of towns and cities. 这些气体污染城镇的空气。
    • N-SING The atmosphere of a place is the general impression that you get of it. 气氛
      • There’s still an atmosphere of great hostility and tension in the city. 在这座城市里依然有一种极其敌对和紧张的气氛。
    • N-UNCOUNT If a place or an event has atmosphere, it is interesting. 神韵
      • The old harbour is still full of atmosphere and well worth visiting. 旧港口依然充满神韵，很值得参观。
  • legacy /ˈleɡəsi/
    • N-COUNT A legacy is money or property which someone leaves to you when they die. 遗产
      • You could make a real difference to someone’s life by leaving them a generous legacy. 你留给某人一大笔遗产就可以真正改变他的生活。
    • N-COUNT A legacy of an event or period of history is something which is a direct result of it and which continues to exist after it is over. 遗留问题
  • propagate /ˈprɒpəɡeɪt/
    • V-T If people propagate an idea or piece of information, they spread it and try to make people believe it or support it. 宣传
    • V-T If you propagate plants, you grow more of them from the original ones. 繁殖
  • revision /rɪˈvɪʒ(ə)n/
    • N-VAR To make a revision of something that is written or something that has been decided means to make changes to it in order to improve it, make it more modern, or make it more suitable for a particular purpose. 修改; 修正
      • The phase of writing that is actually most important is revision. 写作中真正最重要的阶段是修改。
    • N-UNCOUNT When people who are studying do revision, they read things again and make notes in order to prepare for an examination. 复习
  • retention /rɪˈtenʃ(ə)n/
    • N-UNCOUNT The retention of something is the keeping of it. 保留
  • emeritus /ɪˈmɛrɪtəs/
    • ADJ Emeritus is used with a professional title to indicate that the person bearing it has retired but keeps the title as an honour. (退休后保留的)荣誉职称
  • follower /ˈfɒləʊə(r)/
    • N-COUNT A follower of a particular person, group, or belief is someone who supports or admires this person, group, or belief. 追随者
  • vendor /ˈvendə(r)/
    • N-COUNT A vendor is someone who sells things such as newspapers, cigarettes, or food from a small stall or cart. 小贩
      • ice cream vendors. 卖冰淇淋的小贩们
    • N-COUNT A vendor is a company or person that sells a product or service, especially one who sells to other companies that sell to the public. 卖主
  • smashing /ˈsmæʃɪŋ/
    • ADJ excellent or first-rate; wonderful 杰出的; 极好的
  • abbreviated /əˈbriːvɪˌeɪt/
    • V-T If you abbreviate something, especially a word or a piece of writing, you make it shorter. 缩写
  • premium /ˈpriːmiəm/
    • N-COUNT A premium is a sum of money that you pay regularly to an insurance company for an insurance policy. 保险费
      • It is too early to say whether insurance premiums will be affected. 保险费会不会受到影响现在判定还为时过早。
    • N-COUNT A premium is a sum of money that you have to pay for something in addition to the normal cost. 附加费
      • Even if customers want “solutions,” most are not willing to pay a premium for them. 即使顾客们想要“解决方案”，大部分人不愿意为此支付附加费。
    • ADJ Premium products are of a higher than usual quality and are often expensive. 高端的
  • billboard /ˈbɪlˌbɔːd/
    • N-COUNT A billboard is a very large board on which advertising is displayed. 广告牌
  • abuse /əˈbjuːs/
    • N-UNCOUNT Abuse of someone is cruel and violent treatment of them. 虐待
    • N-UNCOUNT Abuse is extremely rude and insulting things that people say when they are angry. 辱骂
    • N-VAR Abuse of something is the use of it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose. 滥用
    • V-T If someone is abused, they are treated cruelly and violently. 虐待
      • Janet had been abused by her father since she was eleven. 詹妮特自从11岁起就被她的父亲虐待。
    • V-T You can say that someone is abused if extremely rude and insulting things are said to them. 侮辱
    • V-T If you abuse something, you use it in a wrong way or for a bad purpose. 滥用
      • He showed how the rich and powerful can abuse their position. 他揭露了有钱有势的人会如何滥用他们的地位。
  • copilot /ˈkəʊˌpaɪlət/
    • 副驾驶员
  • pilot /ˈpaɪlət/
    • N-COUNT A pilot is a person who is trained to fly an aircraft. 飞行员
      • He spent seventeen years as an airline pilot. 他当了17年的航空公司飞行员。
    • N-COUNT A pilot is a person who steers a ship through a difficult stretch of water, for example, the entrance to a harbour. 领航员
    • V-T If someone pilots an aircraft or ship, they act as its pilot. 驾驶 (飞机); 为 (船只) 领航
    • ADJ A pilot plan or a pilot project is one that is used to test an idea before deciding whether to introduce it on a larger scale. 试验性的
    • V-T If a government or organization pilots a programme or project, they test it, before deciding whether to introduce it on a larger scale. 试行 (计划或方案)
  • retrieval /rɪˈtriːv(ə)l/
    • N-UNCOUNT The retrieval of information from a computer is the process of getting it back. (电脑中信息的) 读取
      • electronic storage and retrieval systems. 电子存储和读取系统。
    • N-UNCOUNT The retrieval of something is the process of getting it back from a particular place, especially from a place where it should not be. 找回; 取回
      • Its real purpose is the launching and retrieval of small aeroplanes in flight. 它的真正目的是发射和找回飞行中的小型飞机。
  • augment /ɔːɡˈment/
    • V-T To augment something means to make it larger, stronger, or more effective by adding something to it. 增加
      • While searching for a way to augment the family income, she began making dolls. 为求增加家庭收入，她开始做起了玩具娃娃。
  • divergent /daɪˈvɜːdʒənt/
    • ADJ Divergent things are different from each other. 不同的; 有分歧的
      • Two people who have divergent views on this question are George Watt and Bob Marr. 在这个问题上意见相左的两个人是乔治·瓦特和鲍勃·马尔。
  • mimic /ˈmɪmɪk/
    • V-T If you mimic the actions or voice of a person or animal, you imitate them, usually in a way that is meant to be amusing or entertaining. 模仿
      • He could mimic anybody, and he often reduced Isabel to helpless laughter. 他可以模仿任何人，而且经常逗得伊莎贝尔情不自禁地大笑。
    • V-T If someone or something mimics another person or thing, they try to be like them. 模仿
      • The computer doesn’t mimic human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means. 计算机模仿不了人类的思维；它通过不同的方式达到相同的目的。
    • N-COUNT A mimic is a person who is able to mimic people or animals. 善于模仿的人
      • At school I was a good mimic. 上学时我是一个善于模仿的人。
  • quarantine /ˈkwɒrəntiːn/
    • N-UNCOUNT If a person or animal is in quarantine, they are being kept separate from other people or animals for a set period of time, usually because they have or may have a disease that could spread. 隔离
      • She was sent home and put in quarantine. 她被送回家实施隔离。
    • V-T If people or animals are quarantined, they are stopped from having contact with other people or animals. If a place is quarantined, people and animals are prevented from entering or leaving it. 对…进行隔离
      • Dogs have to be quarantined for six months before they’ll let them in. 狗必须被隔离6个月后他们才会放它们进来。
  • awesome /ˈɔːsəm/
    • ADJ An awesome person or thing is very impressive and often frightening. 令人畏惧的
    • ADJ If you describe someone or something as awesome, you are emphasizing that you think that they are very impressive or extraordinary. 棒极了的
  • phenomenon /fəˈnɒmɪnən/
    • N-COUNT A phenomenon is something that is observed to happen or exist. 现象
  • recipe /ˈresəpi/
    • N-COUNT A recipe is a list of ingredients and a set of instructions that tell you how to cook something. 食谱
    • N-SING If you say that something is a recipe for a particular situation, you mean that it is likely to result in that situation. 方法
      • Large-scale inflation is a recipe for disaster. 大规模的通货膨胀有可能导致灾难。
  • hassle /ˈhæs(ə)l/
    • N-VAR A hassle is a situation that is difficult and involves problems, effort, or arguments with people. 麻烦
      • I don’t think it’s worth the money or the hassle. 我认为不值得为此花钱或者费劲。
    • V-T If someone hassles you, they cause problems for you, often by repeatedly telling you or asking you to do something, in an annoying way. 烦扰
      • Then my husband started hassling me. 然后我丈夫便开始不停地烦我。
  • fragile /ˈfrædʒaɪl/
    • ADJ If you describe a situation as fragile, you mean that it is weak or uncertain, and unlikely to be able to resist strong pressure or attack. 脆弱的
      • The fragile economies of several southern African nations could be irreparably damaged. 几个南部非洲国家脆弱的经济可能会无可挽救地被摧垮。
  • mandatory /ˈmændətərɪ/
    • ADJ If an action or procedure is mandatory, people have to do it, because it is a rule or a law. 法定的
      • the mandatory retirement age of 65. 65岁的法定退休年龄。
    • ADJ If a crime carries a mandatory punishment, that punishment is fixed by law for all cases, in contrast to crimes for which the judge or magistrate has to decide the punishment for each particular case. (刑罚) 强制性的
      • the mandatory life sentence for murder. 谋杀罪的强制性终身监禁。
  • prompt /prɒmpt/
    • V-T To prompt someone to do something means to make them decide to do it. 促使
      • Japan’s recession has prompted consumers to cut back on buying cars. 日本的经济衰退已促使消费者们削减购车花销。
    • V-T If you prompt someone when they stop speaking, you encourage or help them to continue. If you prompt an actor, you tell them what their next line is when they have forgotten what comes next. 提示; 给 (演员) 提示词
      • “You wouldn’t have wanted to bring those people to justice anyway, would you?” Brand prompted him. “你本不想将那些人绳之以法的，是吧？”布兰德提示他说。
    • ADJ A prompt action is done without any delay. 立即的 (行动)
      • It is not too late, but prompt action is needed. 还不太晚，但需要立即行动。
    • ADJ If you are prompt to do something, you do it without delay or you are not late. (做某事) 迅速的
      • You have been so prompt in carrying out all these commissions. 你执行所有这些任务非常迅速。
  • stale /steɪl/
    • ADJ Stale food is no longer fresh or good to eat. (食物) 不新鲜的; 变味的
      • Their daily diet consisted of a lump of stale bread, a bowl of rice, and stale water. 他们的日常饮食包括一块不新鲜的面包、一碗米饭，还有不新鲜的水。
    • ADJ Stale air or smells are unpleasant because they are no longer fresh. (空气或气味) 不新鲜的
    • ADJ If you say that a place, an activity, or an idea is stale, you mean that it has become boring because it is always the same. (地方、活动、主意) 缺乏新鲜感的
      • Her relationship with Mark has become stale. 她和马克的关系已变得乏味了。
  • caveat /ˈkæviæt/
    • N-COUNT A caveat is a warning of a specific limitation of something such as information or an agreement. 警告; 提醒
      • There was one caveat: he was not to enter into a merger or otherwise weaken the Roche family’s control of the firm. 提醒一下：他不是要参与并购或其他削弱罗技家族对该公司控制的行动。
  • diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/
    • ADJ If a group of things is diverse, it is made up of a wide variety of things. 各种各样的
      • The building houses a wide and diverse variety of antiques. 这栋楼里摆放着大量各式各样的古董。
    • ADJ Diverse people or things are very different from each other. 不同的
  • auxiliary /ɔːɡˈzɪliəri/
    • ADJ Auxiliary equipment is extra equipment that is available for use when necessary. 备用的
    • ADJ Auxiliary staff and troops assist other staff and troops. 后备的
    • N-COUNT An auxiliary is a person who is employed to assist other people in their work. Auxiliaries are often medical workers or members of the armed forces. 助手
  • pioneers /ˌpaɪəˈnɪəs/
    • N-COUNT Someone who is referred to as a pioneer in a particular area of activity is one of the first people to be involved in it and develop it. 先驱
    • V-T Someone who pioneers a new activity, invention, or process is one of the first people to do it. 倡导
  • incoherent /ˌɪnkəʊˈhɪərənt/
    • ADJ If someone is incoherent, they are talking in a confused and unclear way. 语无伦次的
      • The man was almost incoherent with fear. 那人几乎害怕得说话语无伦次。
    • ADJ If you say that something such as a policy is incoherent, you are criticizing it because the different parts of it do not fit together properly. 不连贯的
  • distil /dɪˈstɪl/
    • V-T If a liquid such as whisky or water is distilled, it is heated until it changes into steam or vapour and then cooled until it becomes liquid again. This is usually done in order to make it pure. 蒸馏
      • The whisky had been distilled in 1926 and sat quietly maturing until 1987. 这瓶威士忌是1926年被蒸馏的，存放至1987年酿造成熟。
    • N-UNCOUNT 蒸馏
      • Any faults in the original cider stood out sharply after distillation. 苹果酒原浆中的任何瑕疵蒸馏后就会突现出来。
    • V-T If an oil or liquid is distilled from a plant, it is produced by a process which extracts the most essential part of the plant. To distil a plant means to produce an oil or liquid from it by this process. 提炼
      • The oil is distilled from the berries of this small tree. 这种油是从这种小树的浆果中提炼的。
  • preliminary /prɪˈlɪmɪnəri/
    • ADJ Preliminary activities or discussions take place at the beginning of an event, often as a form of preparation. 初步的
      • Preliminary results show the Republican Party with 11 percent of the vote. 初步结果显示共和党得到11%的选票。
    • N-COUNT A preliminary is something that you do at the beginning of an activity, often as a form of preparation. (程序性或礼节性的) 预备事务
      • You all know why I am here. So I won’t waste time on preliminaries. 你们都知道我为什么在这里。所以我就不浪费时间讲客套话了。
  • mimic
    • V-T If you mimic the actions or voice of a person or animal, you imitate them, usually in a way that is meant to be amusing or entertaining. 模仿
      • He could mimic anybody, and he often reduced Isabel to helpless laughter. 他可以模仿任何人，而且经常逗得伊莎贝尔情不自禁地大笑。
    • V-T If someone or something mimics another person or thing, they try to be like them. 模仿
      • The computer doesn’t mimic human thought; it reaches the same ends by different means. 计算机模仿不了人类的思维；它通过不同的方式达到相同的目的。
    • N-COUNTA mimic is a person who is able to mimic people or animals. 善于模仿的人
      • At school I was a good mimic. 上学时我是一个善于模仿的人。
  • inevitably /ɪnˈevɪtəbli/
    • ADV If something will inevitably happen, it is certain to happen and cannot be prevented or avoided. 必然发生地
      • Technological changes will inevitably lead to unemployment. 技术变革将必然导致失业。
  • quota
    • A quota is the limited number or quantity of something which is officially allowed. 限额
      • The quota of four tickets per person had been reduced to two. 每人4张票的限额已减少到了2张。
    • A quota is a fixed maximum or minimum proportion of people from a particular group who are allowed to do something, such as come and live in a country or work for the government. 配额
      • The bill would force employers to adopt a quota system when recruiting workers. 该法案将迫使雇主们在录用工人时采取配额制。
  • advertise
    • If you advertise something such as a product, an event, or a job, you tell people about it in newspapers, on television, or on posters in order to encourage them to buy the product, go to the event, or apply for the job. 为 … 做广告; 做广告
      • The company is spending heavily to advertise its strongest brands. 该公司在花重金为其最强势的品牌做广告。
    • If you advertise for someone to do something for you, for example, to work for you or share your accommodation, you announce it in a newspaper, on television, or on a bulletin board. 登广告 (寻求职员、合住者等)
      • We advertised for staff in a local newspaper. 我们在一份地方报纸上登了广告招聘员工。
    • If you do not advertise the fact that something is the case, you try not to let other people know about it. 宣传
      • There is no need to advertise the fact that you are a single woman. 没必要宣传你是个单身女性这一事实。
  • evergreen
    • 名词 An evergreen is a tree or bush that has green leaves all year long. 常青树; 常绿植物
    • 形容词 Evergreen is also an adjective. 常绿的
  • adversity /ədˈvɜːsɪtɪ/
    • Adversity is a very difficult or unfavourable situation. 困境; 逆境
      • He showed courage in adversity. 他在逆境中显示出了勇气。
  • breakthrough
    • A breakthrough is an important development or achievement. 突破
  • compulsory /kəmˈpʌlsəri/
    • If something is compulsory, you must do it or accept it, because it is the law or because someone in a position of authority says you must. 强制性的
  • compliance /kəmˈplaɪəns/
    • Compliance with something, for example a law, treaty, or agreement, means doing what you are required or expected to do. 遵从
  • refine /rɪˈfaɪn/
    • When a substance is refined, it is made pure by having all other substances removed from it. 提炼
    • If something such as a process, theory, or machine is refined, it is improved by having small changes made to it. 完善
  • urge /ɜːdʒ/
    • If you urge someone to do something, you try hard to persuade them to do it. 敦促 (某人做某事)
    • If you urge someone somewhere, you make them go there by touching them or talking to them. 鼓动 (某人去某地)
    • If you urge a course of action, you strongly advise that it should be taken. 竭力主张
    • If you have an urge to do or have something, you have a strong wish to do or have it. 强烈欲望
  • discrepancies /dɪˈskrepənsi/
    • If there is a discrepancy between two things that ought to be the same, there is a noticeable difference between them. 差异
  • prevail /prɪˈveɪl/
    • If a proposal, principle, or opinion prevails, it gains influence or is accepted, often after a struggle or argument. 占上风
    • If a situation, attitude, or custom prevails in a particular place at a particular time, it is normal or most common in that place at that time. 盛行; 普遍存在
    • If one side in a battle, contest, or dispute prevails, it wins. 获胜
  • embody /ɪmˈbɒdi/
    • To embody an idea or quality means to be a symbol or expression of that idea or quality. 体现; 具体象征
    • If something is embodied in a particular thing, the second thing contains or consists of the first. 包含; 收录
  • integrity /ɪnˈteɡrəti/
    • If you have integrity, you are honest and firm in your moral principles. 正直; 诚实
    • The integrity of something such as a group of people or a text is its state of being a united whole. 完整
  • leverage 英 /ˈliːvərɪdʒ/ 美 /ˈlevərɪdʒ/
    • Leverage is the ability to influence situations or people so that you can control what happens. 影响力
    • To leverage a company or investment means to use borrowed money in order to buy it or pay for it. 举债经营
  • incorporate 英 /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt/
    • If one thing incorporates another thing, it includes the other thing. 包含
    • If someone or something is incorporated into a large group, system, or area, they become a part of it. 使并入
  • refill
    • If you refill something, you fill it again after it has been emptied. 重新装满
    • Refill is also a noun. 重新装满
    • A refill of a particular product is a quantity of that product sold in a cheaper container than the one it is usually sold in. You use a refill to fill the more permanent container when it is empty. 补充剂
  • workplace
    • Your workplace is the place where you work. 工作场所
  • transient /ˈtrænziənt/
    • Transient is used to describe a situation that lasts only a short time or is constantly changing. 短暂的
    • Transients are people who stay in a place for only a short time and then move somewhere else. 流动人员
  • spurious /ˈspjʊəriəs/
    • Something that is spurious seems to be genuine, but is false. 似是而非的
    • A spurious argument or way of reasoning is incorrect, and so the conclusion is probably incorrect. (论据、推理) 不正确的
  • cryptic /ˈkrɪptɪk/
    • ADJ A cryptic remark or message contains a hidden meaning or is difficult to understand. 隐晦的
    • ADV “Not necessarily,” she says cryptically. “不一定，”她神秘地说道。

流利阅读

Trump administration owes Americans answers about restrictions on Huawei (2019-5-23)

From: The Washington Post 华盛顿邮报

美媒：打压华为的特朗普，欠民众一个解释 restrictions on sth. eg: strict restrictions on commercial activities.

Chinese telecommunications giant Huawei’s global influence has been steadily growing in recent years, and the U.S. goverment’s concern has been growing along with it.

近年来，中国电信巨头华为的全球影响力稳步增加，美国政府的担忧也随之加深。 telecommunication n. 电信，长途电信。tele- 远的，远距离的，television，远距离传输图像，电视

Fearing that the spread of Chinese-made cellphones, routers and other equipment may render Western countries, including those that share the most sensitive intelligence with the United States, vulnerable to Beijing, Washington has tried to hold Huawei accountable for alleged intellectual-property theft while discouraging key allies such as Britain, Australia and New Zealand from relying on Huawei technology.

因为害怕中国制造的手机，路由器和其他设备，可能使得西方国家（包括那些和美国共享最敏感情报的国家）在中国面前不堪一击，美国政府企图让华为为所谓的窃取知识产权行为负责。与此同时，美国还阻挠其重要盟友们（如英国，澳大利亚和新西兰）使用华为提供的技术。 Fearing that the spread of sth may render Western countires, vulnerable to Beijing. render = make, 因为害怕sth，会使西方国家，在中国面前非常脆弱，不堪一击。 the most sensitive intelligence 最敏感的情报 accountable = responsible, 新闻里的常见说法: 让某人为某事负责，hold someone accountable for sth. intellectual-property theft 窃取知识产权，alleged 据说，据称。 discourage someone from doing sth 阻止某人做某事。

What’s ultimately at stake here is the future of 5G networks around the world - the ultrafast connection systems that will soon link smartphones, enable driverless automobiles and, potentially, revolutionize warfare.

把话说到底，现在处在危险境地的是全世界5G网络的未来，5G网络这一超高速的连接系统，很快就可以连接智能手机，能让无人驾驶汽车变成现实，并且有可能为战争的形式带来革新。 be at stake/sth at stake. 处于危险境地，处于成败关头。 eg: The lives of wild animals are at stake. 野生动物的性命危在旦夕。 There are many interests at stake. 很多利益受到影响。 ultimately 终极的，最终的 ultrafast 超高速的 revolutionize 使发生革命性巨变，The new theory will revolutionize modern science. 新理论会使现代科技发生革命性的变化。 war 广义的战争，或具体的战争 warfare 战争进行的方式，或手段

Now the Trump administration has escalated to a new level, requiring that all U.S. firms seek federal approval before selling to Huawei.

现在，特朗普政府已经（把对华为的限制）上升到了一个新的高度，要求所有美国公司在向华为销售产品前，寻求联邦政府的批准。 escalate 上升

Though not an outright ban on sales, it is a major restriction because Huawei’s products rely on inputs purchased from no fewer than 30 U.S. companies, and now those will be subject to government licensing. Huawei says it has stockpiled a 12 month-supply of U.S.-made inputs in anticipation of just such a move.

尽管这不是一个针对销售下达的彻底的禁令，但它也确实是一个严格的限制，因为华为的产品依赖于从不下30家美国公司购入的零件，而现在那些零件交易需要获得政府的许可。华为表示，正是因为预见了这样的变化，他们已经囤积了足够使用12个月的美国产零件。 outright 直截了当的，彻底的。an outright refusal 直截了当的拒绝 no fewer than 不少于 government licensing 政府许可。 be subject to 受制于。 stockpile 大量储备。 in anticipation of 预期。I have postponed our meeting in anticipation of his procrastination. 我估计他会拖延，所以推迟了我们的会以。 move 举措，决定。

If the Trump administration’s latest step represents a deliberate attempt to bring down Huawei, it is not justified. In that sense, the administration owes the public more transparency about its intentions.

如果特普朗政府的最新举措展示了其有意搬到华为的企图，那么这一举措缺乏正当理由。从这个意义上说，政府应该让其意图对公众有更高的透明度。 deliberate 故意的，蓄意的。在其他语境，也表示，深思熟虑，小心谨慎地。a deliberate attempt 蓄意的企图。 transparency 透明度。

X Employee Satisfaction Survey (2024 X 公司满意度调查)

You are Invited to Take the 2024 X Employee Satisfaction Survey (This email is exclusively for you, please do not forward it to others)

Dear colleague,

This year marks the 26th anniversary of X. Looking back, we took decisive actions in response to a rapidly changing environment two years ago, and we are now seeing the fruits of those efforts. Our businesses and teams have gained momentum (/məˈmentəm/ n. 冲力), and we’ve seen an improvement in the company’s performance, quarter by quarter. We have shown that we can not only capitalize on favorable circumstances, but also manage to emerge from difficult times.

X has conducted the Employee Satisfaction Survey for 20 years and we’ve gained many valuable insights from employees’ feedback. For example, we came to realize that we had lost some of our passion and ambition under the weight of cumbersome (/ˈkʌmbəsəm/ adj. 笨重的；繁琐的，复杂的) rules, processes, and ways of doing things. And there had been a widespread (adj. 普遍的，广泛的) feeling that many good ideas had been wasted, many talented individuals were unrecognized, and numerous internal obstacles had hindered (阻碍) our progress toward our goals. Therefore, we call on everyone to voice your thoughts, opinions, and even criticisms (n. 批评). We also believe that your honest feedback will help us continuously improve as a company and foster organizational vitality (/vaɪˈtæləti/ n. 活力，热情；生机，生命力).

We are looking forward to seeing your responses to the 2024 X Employee Satisfaction Survey.

X 的小伙伴：

今年是 X 成立的第26年，近两年面对各种环境气候变化时，我们果断行动，也收获了成效：业务和团队的状态稳步回暖，公司业绩每个季度都在提升。这让所有人看到，X 不只能在顺流中抓住机会，也能在疾风巨浪中逆流而上。

满意度调查到今年已经是第20个年头，在大家通过各种渠道反馈的问题和建议中，我们看到、感受到，我们的激情与锐气正被一些繁琐的规则、流程、套路框住，导致很多好的想法跑不出来，不少优秀的人才不能被看到，做成一件事有时有重重阻碍。我们鼓励每一位员工真实地表达自己的想法看法，即使是批评。我们也相信，你真实的表达，一定能帮助组织不断进步，激发活力。

在此，公司期望通过“2024年员工满意度调查”来继续了解你对于公司各维度的真实的想法，期待各位诚挚的发声，助推公司历久弥新，与时俱进。

Happy Teachers’ Day: Each of Us Has the Potential to Empower Others (September 10th, 2024)

Dear colleagues,

Today is Teachers’ Day in China, a day in which we celebrate and show appreciation towards our educators. I’d like to wish all of our lecturers(讲师), mentors(导师), and every Ter who is passionate about sharing knowledge a wonderful Teachers’ Day!

There’s an old saying in China that goes, “In a group of three, there is always at least one person you can learn from.(三人行，必有我师焉)” This adage(n. 名言) echoes strongly with T’s inspiring journey of growth. From its humble beginning as a startup about 26 years ago, T has risen to become a global leader in the Internet industry, thanks to the tireless efforts and collective wisdom of every Ter. Each individual brings a unique set of skills, experiences, and perspectives to the table, and is thus a valuable asset to T’s success.

At T, we’re committed to building a culture of openness, inclusion, and sharing. Regardless of your level of experience or expertise, we value your unique perspective and encourage you to share your knowledge with others. In honor of this commitment, we offer an abundance of learning resources and exchange opportunities that enable every Ter to grow and thrive.

Over the past year, we have redoubled our efforts in knowledge management and sharing. Through the collaborative efforts of T Academy, our career development committees, the KM platform (the internal online knowledge management community), and the Corporate Culture Department, we launched our first internal professional publication - T Profession. Released on July 15, 2014, T Profession features 31 carefully curated articles from thousands of submissions by our talented employees. To date, it has been viewed by an impressive 60%+ of Ters. We have increased incentives for high-quality courses and sharing, and upgraded the Q-Learning platform to make knowledge production more efficient and the learning experience better. These efforts have significantly enhanced the convenience and efficiency of learning for our employees.

In addition, we also launched the Excellent Knowledge Management Award across the company. This Award aims to recognize those teams that have made outstanding contributions to knowledge management and sharing, and to inspire more teams to join this effort. Through these initiatives, we seek to build a comprehensive knowledge transfer mechanism and make T a better organization for learning.

At T, everyone can be a “teacher” who empowers others and also a “student” who learns from peers. We exchange our insights and experiences throughout our work to drive each other’s growth. This spirit of mutual mentorship not only promotes the advancement of each individual but also brings continuous momentum(n. 动力) to the company’s innovation and development.

On this special day, I would like to extend my gratitude to everyone who has contributed to the growth and development of Ters. More importantly, we hope more and more people can join us in helping and influencing others with our knowledge and wisdom. Let’s unleash(v. 释放出) our passion for learning and knowledge at T, and propel the company to new heights.

亲爱的T小伙伴们，大家好！

今天是一年一度的教师节，祝我们身边的每一位讲师、导师以及热爱分享的T人教师节快乐！

“三人行，必有我师焉。”这句古人的名言，在T得到了生动的体现。在过去的26年里，T从一个小小的创业公司成长为全球领先的互联网企业，这离不开每一位T人的努力和智慧。我们每一个人都是T这个宝库中的宝贵财富，都有着自己的专长和经验。

在T，我们鼓励开放、包容和分享的文化。无论是资深的大咖大神，还是初出茅庐的新人小白，每个人都有机会展示自己的才华和智慧。我们为大家提供了丰富的学习资源和交流机会。

过去一年，我们加大了对知识沉淀和分享的投入力度。T学堂、各专业通道、KM及企业文化部联合推出首本公司级的专业刊物——《T知点》年刊，从上千篇员工投稿中严格评选出31篇最具代表性的专业文章，于2024年7月15日正式发布，目前已有超过六成小伙伴阅读了年刊文章。与此同时，我们加大了内部精品课程和分享的激励力度，升级了QLearning学习平台，提升了知识生产效率和学习体验，让学习变得更加便捷和高效。

此外，我们还首次开展了T知识沉淀优秀团队评选活动，旨在表彰那些在知识沉淀和分享方面做出突出贡献的团队，激励更多团队加入到这一行列中来。通过这些举措，我们希望能够构建一个更加完善的知识传承体系，让T成为一个更好的学习型组织。

在T，每一个人都是老师，也是学生。我们在工作中相互学习、共同进步，分享着彼此的经验和见解。这种互为师长的精神不仅促进了个人的成长和发展，也为公司的持续创新和发展带来了源源不断的动力。

最后，感谢每一位为T人的成长和发展做出贡献的老师！同时，也期待更多的小伙伴能够加入到“老师”的行列中来，用自己的知识和智慧去影响和帮助更多的人。让我们一起庆祝这个属于我们大家的节日，互勉互助、一起迈入next level！

Stay Focused and Create Value (保持专注，创造价值)

In a few hours, we’ll bid farewell to 2024 and welcome 2025. First and foremost, we would like to wish everyone a happy New Year! Thank you so much for your efforts over the past year. Together, we have overcome great challenges and maintained stable, high-quality growth. More importantly, we have sharpened our focus and reinvented ourselves in the face of adversity. These strengths will be invaluable as we move forward.

2025 will present us with both challenges and opportunities, driven by economic volatility (经济周期波动起伏) and intensified market competition (市场竞争加剧) across the world.

再过十几个小时，我们即将告别2024，迈入2025。首先祝大家新年快乐！非常感谢所有腾讯人的努力，让我们在过去一年经受住了宏观考验，保持了稳定、高质量的发展。尤其难得的是，在困难中磨炼了我们专注与自我革新的能力，这将是我们走向未来最宝贵的财富。

放眼世界，各种不稳定因素依旧活跃，经济周期波动起伏，市场竞争加剧，2025年我们面对的仍然是一个充满挑战与机遇的未来。